Hantavirus Symptoms & Prevention

⚠ Not a medical resource. This page is for general awareness only. If you suspect exposure or symptoms, contact a healthcare provider immediately. For official guidance, see the CDC or WHO.

What is hantavirus?

Hantaviruses are a family of viruses spread mainly by rodents. In the Americas, some strains can cause Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) — a severe respiratory disease that can be life-threatening. In Europe and Asia, other strains may cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).

Early symptoms (Days 1–5)

Fever & fatigue
Sudden onset fever, muscle aches, and unusual tiredness.

Headache & dizziness
Persistent headache, sometimes with dizziness or chills.

Muscle pain
Especially in large muscle groups: thighs, hips, back, shoulders.

Nausea & vomiting
Stomach upset, loss of appetite, abdominal pain.

Late symptoms (Days 5–10) – Seek urgent care

If early symptoms progress to any of the following, seek emergency medical care immediately:

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Tightness in the chest
Coughing
Low blood pressure
Fluid accumulation in the lungs

How it spreads

Hantavirus is not spread from person to person in most cases (the Andes strain is a rare exception under very close contact). The primary transmission route is:

Inhalation of particles from dried rodent urine, droppings, or saliva
Direct contact with rodents or their waste
Rarely, bites from infected rodents

Prevention tips

Reduce your risk:

Seal gaps and holes in homes, cabins, and sheds to keep rodents out
Store food in rodent-proof containers
Ventilate enclosed spaces before cleaning
Wear gloves and a mask when cleaning rodent-infested areas
Do not sweep or vacuum rodent droppings — use disinfectant spray first
Avoid sleeping in areas with evidence of rodent activity

2026 Cruise ship outbreak context